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What Is It?Choroidal melanoma is a cancer of the eye that develops in a part of the eye called the choroid, the spongelike membrane that lies between the sclera (the white of the eye) and the retina. The choroid is rich in blood vessels and supplies nutrients to the retina, the light-sensitive back of the eye that sends visual information to the brain. Although choroidal melanoma is a rare form of cancer, it is the most common cancer that develops in the eye in adults. Over time, many choroidal melanomas enlarge and cause the retina to detach, which can lead to vision loss. The tumors also can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body and cause death. Choroidal melanomas most commonly spread to the liver. According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), 1,680 to 2,240 new cases of this cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States and Canada, which is about six or seven new cases per million people each year. It usually occurs in people who are middle-aged or older.
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From Health A-Z, Harvard Health Publications. Copyright 2007 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. Written permission is required to reproduce, in any manner, in whole or in part, the material contained herein. To make a reprint request, contact Harvard Health Publications. Used with permission of StayWell.
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